黑潮流域海温适应性观测敏感区诊断方法研究     

崔宝龙  笪良龙  过武宏  韩梅 《海洋科学》2018,42(7):80-86

敏感区诊断是适应性观测的关键问题,集合变换卡尔曼方法(EnsembleTransformKalmanFilter,ETKF)是目前主要的诊断方法之一。将集合变换卡尔曼方法应用于海洋环境适应性观测,根据ROMS海洋模式数据构建海表温度集合预报,以黑潮流域宫古海峡附近海域为验证区进行敏感区诊断计算,分析不同间隔时间条件下敏感区分布情况,结合模拟系统观测试验验证在敏感区进行适应性观测对预报质量的提升效果。结果表明,在诊断所得敏感区内添加观测能够提升预报质量;随时间间隔增大,敏感区向上游区域平移且预报质量提升效果减小;与在验证区整体添加观测相比,敏感区观测对预报质量提升效果基本相同并且观测成本明显减少。  相似文献   

2019年6月17日长宁MS6.0地震前地震活动和水位的加卸载响应比异常研究     

马震  于晨  张小涛  余怀忠 《中国地震》2020,36(3):550-560

加卸载响应比（LURR）方法是通过固体潮加卸载过程中的某一物理参数的响应差异探查区域应力场演化。本文将这一方法应用于2019年6月17日四川长宁M_S6.0地震，根据LURR时序演化探查震源区介质的应力状态变化，提取可能的震前异常信息。首先采用贝尼奥夫应变作为响应量计算LURR，通过固体潮在地震断层面的最优滑动方向上引起的库仑破坏应力变化来判断加载还是卸载，结果显示LURR值自2018年年初开始快速增加并在2018年年中达到峰值，此后异常持续至地震。在此基础上对该地区的大地形变和地下井水位资料进行了LURR分析，发现水富水平摆倾斜仪的东西和南北分量在LURR出现异常的同期发生明显偏转，而地震周边的地下井水位高值变化过程与长宁地震也有较好的对应关系。研究表明在长宁地震发生前，存在地震活动和地下水位的LURR异常，且异常时间与水富倾斜同步，暗示震源区介质存在明显的应力积累过程。  相似文献   

A spatiotemporal calculus for reasoning about land-use trajectories   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Adeline Marinho Maciel  Gilberto Camara  Lubia Vinhas  Michelle Cristina Araújo Picoli  Rodrigo Anzolin Begotti  Luiz Fernando Ferreira Gomes de Assis 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(1):176-192

Earth observation images are a powerful source of data about changes in our planet. Given the magnitude of global environmental changes taking place, it is important that Earth Science researchers have access to spatiotemporal reasoning tools. One area of particular interest is land-use change. Using data obtained from images, researchers would like to express abstractions such as ‘land abandonment’, ‘forest regrowth’, and ‘agricultural intensification’. These abstractions are specific types of land-use trajectories, defined as multi-year paths from one land cover into another. Given this need, this paper introduces a spatiotemporal calculus for reasoning about land-use trajectories. Using Allen’s interval logic as a basis, we introduce new predicates that express cases of recurrence, conversion and evolution in land-use change. The proposed predicates are sufficient and necessary to express different kinds of land-use trajectories. Users can build expressions that describe how humans modify Earth’s terrestrial surface. In this way, scientists can better understand the environmental and economic effects of land-use change.  相似文献   

基于时相变化的晴空条件下Himawari-8 AHI火点检测     

鄢俊洁  瞿建华  冉茂农  张芳芳 《遥感学报》2020,24(5):571-577

Himawari-8静止气象卫星具有高空间分辨率、高观测频次和高时效特点,对于火点检测具有很强优势。对Himawari-8卫星的3.9μm和11.2μm两通道亮温进行了连续时相变化研究,得出两通道的亮温在时间上的变化差值稳定且规律明显。根据两通道的亮温时相特征,考虑白天可见光对3.9μm通道的影响,并结合火点产生时引起的亮温变化特征,提出了适用于晴空条件下改进的火点检测算法。在多处进行了此算法的实验,例如2018-11-27 T 16:40(UTC时)河北张家口市桥东区一化工厂附近发生的严重爆炸起火事件以及2019-02-28澳大利亚西南部发生的火灾事件,均快速有效的检测到了火点。实验表明,改进的火点检测算法能很好的进行火点检测,并能解决晨昏交界、冰雪下垫面、常规火源点、太阳耀光等火点检测的难题。  相似文献   

一种基于OpenMP的高效GPS卫星钟差实时估计方法     

高康  张守建  匡开发  曹新运  李建成 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(6):571-576

提出基于单观测值的Kalman滤波快速计算方法，并引入共享存储并行编程（OpenMP）技术实现协方差快速更新，从而实现非差GPS卫星钟差的快速实时计算。均匀选取55个IGS参考站，计算2017-03-20~03-30采样率为60 s的卫星钟差。与IGS事后30 s钟差相比，两者具有很好的一致性，RMS互差优于0.5 ns。选取未参与钟差解算的10个IGS参考站进行精密单点定位，结果表明，实时静态PPP水平方向精度优于2 cm，高程方向精度为2~4 cm；实时动态PPP水平方向精度为2～4 cm，高程方向精度为4～6 cm，能够满足实时PPP的精度要求。该方法在主频1.2 GHz服务器上8线程并行模式下单历元耗时4 s，相比串行模式效率提升1/3。  相似文献   

辽宁省数字化形变观测自然干扰分析     

姚菲菲  宫长盛  梁永信 《地震地磁观测与研究》2020,41(4):148-156

对数字形变观测过程中辽宁丹东地震台、营口地震台、抚顺地震台、朝阳地震台DSQ水管仪、SS-Y伸缩仪存在的自然干扰现象进行研究，对其机理和数据形态作了对比分析，为快速、准确地判别自然干扰提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

Radiolarian‐based study on the fabric and the formation process of the Early Cretaceous mélange near Zhongba,Yarlung–Tsangpo Suture Zone,southern Tibet     

Xin Li  Atsushi Matsuoka  Yalin Li  Yushuai Wei  Chengshan Wang 《Island Arc》2019,28(1)

The Yarlung–Tsangpo Suture Zone (YTSZ), as the southernmost and youngest among the sutures that subdivides the Tibetan Plateau into several east–west trending blocks, marks where the Neo‐Tethys was consumed as the Indian continent moved northward and collided against the Eurasian continent. Mélanges in the YTSZ represent the remnants of the oceanic plate through subduction and collision. Mélanges are characterized by a highly sheared volcanoclastic or siliceous mudstone matrix including blocks of chert, claystone, and basalt. Detailed radiolarian analyses are conducted on the mélange near Zhongba County. Macroscopic, mesoscopic, and microscopic observations are combined in order to elucidate the relationships among age, lithology, and structure of blocks in the mélange. Reconstructed ocean plate stratigraphy includes Lower Jurassic limestone within the chert sequence accumulated at a depth near the CCD (Unit 2), Upper Jurassic thin‐bedded chert interbedded with claystone deposited in the wide ocean basin (Unit 3), and Lower Cretaceous chert with siliceous mudstone (Units 4 and 5), representing the middle parts of ocean plate stratigraphy. The results highlight the fabric of brecciated chert on mesoscopic scale, which is thought to be due to localized overpressure. The formation of mesoscopic and microscopic block‐in‐matrix fabrics in the mélange is proposed for the chert and siliceous mudstone bearing different extents of consolidation and competence during the progressive deformation of accreted sediments at shallow‐level subduction.  相似文献   

基于区域水准和跨断层资料分析云南地区地壳形变     

徐东卓  苏广利  王世进  朱传宝  孙非非 《震灾防御技术》2019,14(1):118-128

为了获取云南地区现今地壳形变和断层活动特征，收集了云南地区1992—2016年的2期精密水准观测资料，采用基于GNSS连续站垂直形变资料约束的平差方法，对区域整体地壳垂直形变特征进行了分析，结果显示滇西北区域地壳整体表现为隆升，垂向速率为2—3mm/a，滇南区域显示地壳沉降速率为-1—-2mm/a，并在下关—永胜和思茅—景谷一带存在地壳形变高梯度带。收集了该地区30多年的跨断层场地观测资料，计算了所跨断层的三维活动量，得出了断层现今活动状态和异常特征，认为滇西北和滇中南地区的场地多数表现出异常活动的现象，其中楚雄、剑川和永胜的监测断层现今表现出与地质背景相反的走滑和拉张特征，峨山、建水和通海场地所处断层在张压性质上与地质背景相反。结合区域水准和跨断层观测分析结果，从“面”和“线”上得出滇西北和滇中南地区存在地壳形变和断层活动异常，构造应力积累较高的结果，加之缺震背景显著，认为应关注该区域中强地震的危险性。  相似文献   

Comparison of runoff characteristics of two adjacent basins in a tropical rainforest using a modified hydrologic cycle model with outflow          下载免费PDF全文

Taeko Wakahara  Katsushige Shiraki  Masakazu Suzuki 《水文研究》2014,28(3):509-520

We propose a new runoff model including an outflow process that was applied to two adjacent basins (CL, TL) located in Lambir Hills National Park in north‐central Sarawak, Malaysia. Rainfall, runoff, topography, and soil layer thickness were observed. About 19% of annual runoff was observed in the CL basin (21.97 ha), whereas about 46% was observed in the TL basin (23.25 ha). It was inferred that the CL basin has an outflow because of low base flow, small runoff peak, and excessive water loss. By incorporating the outflow process into the HYdrological CYcle MODEL, good agreement between the data generated by the model and that observed was shown, with the exception of the data from the rainless period. Then, the fitting parameters for each basin were exchanged, except for the outflow parameter, and the characteristics of each basin were compared by calculating virtual runoff. As a result, the low base flow of the CL basin was estimated by the movement of the rainwater that escaped from the basin as deep percolation or lateral flow (11% of rainfall). The potential of the CL basin for mitigating flood and drought appeared to be higher than that of the TL basin. This is consistent with the topographic characteristics of the CL basin, which has a gentler slope than the TL basin. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

2017年四川九寨沟M_S7.0地震前区域重力场变化          下载免费PDF全文

祝意青  梁伟锋  赵云峰  刘芳  隗寿春  徐云马 《地球物理学报》2017,60(10):4124-4131

利用南北地震带2014-2017年期间的流动重力观测资料，系统分析了区域重力场变化及其与2017年8月8日四川九寨沟7.0级地震发生的关系.结果表明：①区域重力场异常变化与北西西向塔藏断裂和南北向岷江断裂带在空间上关系密切，反映了沿控震断裂在2013-2017年期间发生了引起地表重力变化效应的地壳变形和构造活动.②九寨沟地震前，测区内出现了大空间范围的区域性重力异常，而震源区附近产生了局部重力异常，沿塔藏断裂带形成了重力变化高梯度带，其中，甘肃玛曲、迭部、青海河南蒙古族自治县、四川若尔盖、九寨沟一带重力差异变化达100×10^-8m·s^-2以上；这些可能反映九寨沟地震前，区域及震源区附近均产生与该地震孕育、发生有关的构造运动或应力增强作用.③九寨沟地震震中位于重力差异运动剧烈的鞍部等值线附近，与断裂走向基本一致的重力变化高梯度带零值线上，这一观测事实进一步佐证了重力场动态变化图像对强震地点预测具有重要的指示意义.  相似文献